A comprehensive guide to supplements that can benefit individuals with Hashimoto's from a functional medicine perspective

Managing Hashimoto's thyroiditis with supplements involves targeting the underlying causes, supporting thyroid function, and addressing nutritional deficiencies. Supplements should always be used under the supervision of a functional medicine practitioner or a natural health professional who understands what your body needs after a thorough assessment of your symptoms and how they will interact with any medications. Here's a comprehensive guide to supplements that can benefit individuals with Hashimoto's from a functional medicine perspective:
1. Selenium:

• Role: Essential for the conversion of T4 to T3, the active thyroid hormone, and has antioxidant properties that protect the thyroid gland.
• Sources: Brazil nuts, sunflower seeds, mushrooms, and supplements.
• Dosage: 100-200 mcg per day. Excessive intake can be harmful, so monitor levels and consult with a healthcare provider.

2. Vitamin D:

• Role: Modulates the immune system and has anti-inflammatory properties.
• Sources: Sun exposure, fatty fish, fortified foods, and supplements.
• Dosage: Varies based on individual needs. A common dose is 2000-5000 IU per day, but testing levels is recommended for personalized dosing.

3. Zinc:

• Role: Important for thyroid hormone production and immune function.
• Sources: Meat, shellfish, legumes, seeds, nuts, and supplements.
• Dosage: 15-30 mg per day. Zinc supplements should be balanced with copper to prevent deficiency.

4. Iron:

• Role: Essential for the production of thyroid hormones.
• Sources: Red meat, poultry, fish, lentils, beans, and supplements.
• Dosage: Varies based on deficiency status. It's important to monitor levels, as excessive iron can be harmful.

5. Magnesium:

• Role: Supports numerous biochemical reactions, including thyroid hormone production and function.
• Sources: Leafy greens, nuts, seeds, whole grains, and supplements.
• Dosage: 200-400 mg per day.

6. B Vitamins:

• Role: Support energy production, reduce inflammation, and support overall thyroid function.
• Sources: Meat, eggs, dairy products, legumes, leafy greens, and supplements.
• Dosage: Often taken as a B-complex supplement, ensuring all B vitamins are covered.

7. Omega-3 Fatty Acids:

• Role: Anti-inflammatory properties that help reduce thyroid inflammation and support immune health.
• Sources: Fatty fish (salmon, mackerel, sardines), flaxseeds, chia seeds, walnuts, and fish oil supplements.
• Dosage: 1000-3000 mg per day of combined EPA and DHA.

8. Probiotics:

• Role: Support gut health, which is crucial for immune function and reducing autoimmune responses.
• Sources: Fermented foods (yogurt, kefir, sauerkraut, kimchi) and supplements.
• Dosage: Varies by strain and potency, typically 1-10 billion CFUs per day.

9. Ashwagandha:

• Role: An adaptogenic herb that helps manage stress and support adrenal health, which is linked to thyroid function.
• Sources: Herbal supplements.
• Dosage: 300-500 mg per day of standardized extract.

10. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC):

• Role: Antioxidant that supports detoxification pathways and reduces oxidative stress.
• Sources: Supplements.
• Dosage: 600-1200 mg per day.

11. L-Tyrosine:

• Role: An amino acid that is a precursor to thyroid hormones.
• Sources: Protein-rich foods and supplements.
• Dosage: 500-1000 mg per day, but only under the guidance of a healthcare provider, as it can affect thyroid hormone levels.

12. Glutathione:

• Role: A powerful antioxidant that supports detoxification and immune function.
• Sources: Whey protein, cruciferous vegetables, and supplements (liposomal or acetylated forms are most effective).
• Dosage: 200-500 mg per day.

General Guidelines:

• Testing and Monitoring: It's crucial to test for nutrient deficiencies before starting any supplementation and to regularly monitor levels while taking supplements.
• Quality and Purity: Choose high-quality, reputable brands to ensure purity and potency of supplements.
• Personalized Approach: Work with a healthcare provider or functional medicine practitioner to develop a personalized supplement plan tailored to your specific needs and health status.
• Diet and Lifestyle: Supplements should complement a nutrient-dense diet and healthy lifestyle, not replace them.

By addressing nutritional deficiencies and supporting thyroid and immune health through targeted supplementation, individuals with Hashimoto's thyroiditis can manage their condition more effectively and improve their overall well-being.
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